Longevity Database

The MitoPRO 1500 delivers 97 mW/cm² irradiance — the highest tested in its price range. True dual-chip 660nm + 850nm wavelengths, zero flicker, 5-year warranty.

• ✓95+ mW/cm² irradiance
• ✓True 660nm + 850nm dual-chip
• ✓No EMF at treatment distance

The original consumer red light brand. Beautiful build, app control, ambient mode, and modular design. Irradiance trails cheaper competitors but the ecosystem is unmatched.

• ✓App-controlled dosing
• ✓Modular — connects to other panels
• ✓Ambient mode for circadian support

5-wavelength panel (630, 660, 810, 830, 850nm) in a compact form factor. Best value for targeted face, joint, or injury treatment.

• ✓5 therapeutic wavelengths
• ✓Compact — ideal for face & joints
• ✓Excellent irradiance for size

Compact, travel-friendly red light device with 660nm + 850nm. Lower total irradiance than full panels but excellent portability.

• ✓Travel-sized
• ✓Rechargeable battery
• ✓660nm + 850nm

The most advanced home infrared sauna. Full-spectrum (near, mid, far IR), SoloCarbon heaters at 95% emissivity, programmable health protocols, and built-in tablet.

• ✓Full-spectrum: near + mid + far IR
• ✓Programmable longevity protocols
• ✓Medical-grade SoloCarbon heaters

The lowest-EMF cabin sauna tested. True Wave II carbon/ceramic heaters, Western red cedar construction, 2-person capacity, lifetime warranty on heaters.

• ✓Ultra-low EMF & ELF
• ✓True Wave II heaters
• ✓Western red cedar

Foldable portable sauna tent reaching 140°F. Entry-level heat therapy without installation. Head-out design limits full-body protocol but real sweating and cardiovascular response occurs.

• ✓No installation required
• ✓Sets up in minutes
• ✓Portable & foldable

The landmark KIHD cohort study linking sauna use to a 40% reduction in cardiovascular mortality was conducted on traditional Finnish saunas — high heat (170–195°F), low humidity with optional steam from water on hot rocks — not infrared. This is the closest home replication of that exact exposure. Western red cedar construction, wood or electric heater options.

• ✓Matches the sauna type used in the KIHD mortality study
• ✓Higher achievable temperature than infrared (up to 195°F)
• ✓Optional löyly (steam) from water on rocks

For those converting an existing room or building a custom sauna, Harvia is the Finnish industry-standard heater brand — the same heater type used in most commercial and home saunas throughout Scandinavia. Requires 240V electrical connection; pairs with any properly ventilated cedar or spruce-lined room.

• ✓Industry-standard Finnish heater brand
• ✓Significantly cheaper than a pre-built cabin
• ✓Reaches full 170–195°F traditional sauna range

Important context before buying: the landmark Tel Aviv telomere-lengthening study used clinical HBOT at 2.0 ATA with 100% oxygen — a pressure level only achievable in hard-shell chambers with a physician-administered oxygen concentrator, not soft home chambers. Mild hyperbaric chambers like this one operate at 1.3 ATA on ambient air, which has far less direct longevity evidence but is the realistic option for home use. Read our full HBOT evidence breakdown before purchasing.

• ✓FDA-registered mild hyperbaric chamber
• ✓1.3 ATA — the standard pressure for soft-shell home use
• ✓Large enough for comfortable multi-person or extended sessions

Amazon carries a range of entry-level soft-shell mild hyperbaric chambers, typically operating at 1.3 ATA, at a fraction of the cost of FDA-registered brands like Newtowne or OxyHealth. Build quality, seam durability, and safety certification vary significantly between listings — read seller documentation and verified reviews carefully before buying, and confirm FDA registration status if that matters to you.

• ✓Meaningfully lower upfront cost than premium brands
• ✓1.3 ATA — same pressure class as premium soft chambers
• ✓Easier to trial the format before a larger investment

Sets the standard for home cold plunge units. Chills to 37°F, built-in filtration keeps water clean for weeks, app-controlled scheduling, insulated body.

• ✓Chills to 37°F (3°C)
• ✓Built-in filtration + sanitation
• ✓App scheduling — pre-chill overnight

The coldest consumer cold plunge available — reaches 33°F with ozone-filtered crystal-clear water. Commercial-grade compressor. Overkill for most, perfect for extreme cold therapy enthusiasts.

• ✓Coldest on market (33°F)
• ✓Ozone filtration — crystal clear
• ✓Commercial-grade compressor

16mm amplitude and 60 lbs stall force — the professional standard for percussive therapy. Rotating arm, OLED screen, Bluetooth app with 30+ guided routines.

• ✓16mm amplitude (deepest available)
• ✓60 lbs stall force
• ✓Rotating arm for hard-to-reach areas

The quietest high-end massage gun tested at 55dB. Pressure sensor guides optimal force, Bluetooth app integration, excellent ergonomics.

• ✓Quietest device tested (55dB)
• ✓Pressure sensor feedback
• ✓5 speeds + 5 attachments

The gold standard for recovery and HRV tracking. No screen — every resource goes into sensor accuracy. Daily recovery and strain scores, best-in-class sleep staging.

• ✓Best HRV accuracy (±4.2ms vs ECG)
• ✓Daily recovery + strain scores
• ✓Best sleep staging of any wrist device

The most accurate consumer sleep tracker available. Finger-based PPG sensors outperform wrist trackers for sleep staging. Continuous skin temperature detects illness 1–3 days early.

• ✓Best sleep staging accuracy (74% vs PSG)
• ✓7-day battery life
• ✓Continuous skin temperature

Premium GPS watch with serious health tracking — HRV Status, Body Battery recovery score, VO2 max estimation, and 14-day battery. No subscription required.

• ✓HRV Status (4-week baseline)
• ✓Body Battery recovery system
• ✓GPS + multi-sport tracking

The Dexcom Stelo is the first CGM cleared by the FDA specifically for non-diabetics. No prescription, 14-day wear, MARD of 7.8%, and the best app for metabolic pattern recognition.

• ✓No prescription required
• ✓FDA-cleared for non-diabetics
• ✓14-day sensor life

Function Health offers 160+ biomarkers including ApoB, Lp(a), fasting insulin, homocysteine, and TMAO — more than most concierge practices. Co-founded by Dr. Mark Hyman.

• ✓160+ biomarkers
• ✓Includes ApoB, Lp(a), fasting insulin
• ✓Physician-reviewed results

InsideTracker optimises for athletic performance and longevity. Strong mobile app with personalised food and supplement recommendations based on your bloodwork and DNA.

• ✓Athlete-optimised biomarkers
• ✓DNA + blood combination available
• ✓Personalised food recommendations

ProHealth Longevity NMN Pro is independently third-party tested and offers a sublingual delivery option for improved bioavailability. 500mg pure NMN per serving.

• ✓Third-party purity tested
• ✓500mg NMN per serving
• ✓Sublingual option available

Tru Niagen uses patented nicotinamide riboside (NR) with more published human clinical trials than any other NAD+ precursor. The safe, well-studied choice.

• ✓Patented Niagen NR formula
• ✓38+ human clinical trials
• ✓No fishy taste

Carlson Elite Omega-3 is IFOS 5-star certified — the highest purity standard for fish oil. 1600mg EPA+DHA per serving from Friend-of-the-Sea certified sources.

• ✓IFOS 5-star purity certified
• ✓1600mg EPA+DHA per serving
• ✓Friend-of-the-Sea certified

Creatine monohydrate has 500+ studies supporting its efficacy. Thorne's pharmaceutical-grade NSF-certified version is clean, effective, and trusted by professional athletes.

• ✓500+ supporting studies
• ✓NSF Certified for Sport
• ✓No loading phase needed

Magnesium glycinate has the best absorption-to-tolerance ratio of all magnesium forms. Pure Encapsulations is hypoallergenic and free from common fillers.

• ✓Glycinate form — best absorbed
• ✓Hypoallergenic formula
• ✓No GI side effects

D3 paired with MK-7 K2 ensures calcium goes to bones not arteries. Thorne's 1000 IU D3 + 200mcg K2 combination is the gold standard for supplementation.

• ✓D3 + MK-7 K2 combination
• ✓Ensures proper calcium direction
• ✓NSF Certified

Ubiquinol is the active, reduced form of CoQ10 with superior bioavailability — especially important over age 40 when conversion from ubiquinone declines.

• ✓Ubiquinol form (better absorbed)
• ✓Essential for statin users
• ✓Declines with age — supplementation restores

KSM-66 is the most clinically studied ashwagandha extract. 67 peer-reviewed studies demonstrate cortisol reduction, sleep improvement, and testosterone support.

• ✓67 clinical trials (most studied)
• ✓Reduces cortisol up to 30%
• ✓Improves sleep onset and quality

Berberine activates AMPK (the same pathway as metformin), improving insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular markers. Multiple RCTs show meaningful glycaemic and lipid benefits.

• ✓AMPK activator
• ✓Improves insulin sensitivity
• ✓Lowers LDL and triglycerides

A meta-analysis of nearly 6,000 participants found curcumin significantly reduces CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α. The catch is bioavailability — standard turmeric is barely absorbed. Meriva phytosome technology solves this, delivering up to 29x more curcumin into circulation than unformulated powder.

• ✓Reduces CRP, IL-6, TNF-α (meta-analysis, n=5,870)
• ✓Phytosome tech — clinically validated absorption boost
• ✓No piperine required for bioavailability

Extracted from the creosote bush, NDGA extended median lifespan in male mice in the NIA Interventions Testing Program — the gold-standard, multi-site mouse longevity study. Bryan Johnson added 50mg/day to his Blueprint stack in 2026 on the strength of this animal data. Human evidence is essentially nonexistent.

• ✓Replicated lifespan extension in ITP mouse studies
• ✓Potent lipoxygenase inhibitor (anti-inflammatory)
• ✓Antioxidant via free radical scavenging

Fisetin is a flavonoid found in strawberries with the strongest senolytic activity of any plant compound tested. David Sinclair uses 500mg daily after dropping quercetin in 2023.

• ✓Strongest plant senolytic in animal studies
• ✓Blood-brain barrier penetrant — neuroprotective
• ✓David Sinclair's preferred senolytic

Quercetin was a key part of Sinclair's stack until 2023 (dropped over SIRT6 concern). Still widely used as a senolytic — typically pulsed, not daily.

• ✓Senolytic activity (pulsed protocol)
• ✓Anti-inflammatory via NF-κB
• ✓Cardiovascular protection

Resveratrol activates SIRT1 and is central to Sinclair's longevity strategy. Human data is more mixed than animal studies — but mechanistic plausibility and Sinclair's personal use keep it popular.

• ✓SIRT1 activator
• ✓Anti-inflammatory via NF-κB
• ✓Cardiovascular protection

Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum) has GABA-like calming activity and immune-modulating beta-glucans, with a long history of traditional use and a growing base of modern clinical interest. Its sedating profile makes it a common evening pairing with sleep-focused stacks.

• ✓GABA-like calming activity
• ✓Beta-glucan immune modulation
• ✓Traditional use for sleep and stress

Cordyceps is studied primarily for exercise performance and energy — some evidence points to improved oxygen utilization (VO2 max) and reduced perceived exertion during endurance activity, plus cortisol-buffering effects during prolonged stress.

• ✓Studied for VO2 max and exercise capacity
• ✓Cortisol buffering during endurance efforts
• ✓Stimulating — not sedating

Rhodiola rosea reduces mental fatigue and improves cognitive performance under stress. SHR-5 extract has the most clinical data. Bryan Johnson includes Rhodiola in his morning stack.

• ✓Reduces mental fatigue (multiple RCTs)
• ✓Improves focus under stress
• ✓Adaptogenic — bidirectional stress response

Lion's Mane stimulates Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) synthesis — promoting neuroplasticity, myelination, and cognitive function. 3 human RCTs show significant cognitive improvement in older adults.

• ✓Stimulates NGF and BDNF
• ✓3 human RCTs in cognitive impairment
• ✓Promotes myelination

Chromium is a trace mineral involved in insulin receptor sensitization. Evidence for glucose control benefit is strongest in people with existing insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes, more modest in metabolically healthy individuals.

• ✓Supports insulin receptor sensitivity
• ✓Inexpensive
• ✓Often stacked with berberine and cinnamon for glucose control

Ceylon cinnamon (distinct from the cheaper, coumarin-heavier Cassia cinnamon sold as grocery-store spice) has modest evidence for supporting healthy post-meal glucose response. Ceylon has meaningfully lower coumarin content, relevant for anyone using it at supplement-level daily doses rather than as an occasional spice.

• ✓Lower coumarin than Cassia cinnamon — safer for daily supplemental use
• ✓Modest evidence for post-meal glucose support
• ✓Commonly stacked with berberine and chromium

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant working in lipid membranes, part of the same regenerative antioxidant network as vitamin C, glutathione, and alpha-lipoic acid. Mixed tocopherol formulations (rather than isolated alpha-tocopherol) better reflect the natural balance found in food and avoid the imbalance concerns raised by some high-dose alpha-tocopherol-only trials.

• ✓Fat-soluble antioxidant network member
• ✓Mixed tocopherol form avoids isolated alpha-tocopherol concerns
• ✓Best absorbed with dietary fat

Liposomal vitamin C achieves plasma levels comparable to IV administration. Strong evidence for collagen synthesis, immune function, and as a cofactor for carnitine and neurotransmitter biosynthesis.

• ✓Liposomal = 5-10x higher plasma levels
• ✓Collagen synthesis cofactor
• ✓Immune modulation

Zinc picolinate has the highest absorption rate of all zinc forms. Zinc deficiency (common in athletes and the elderly) directly suppresses testosterone and immune function. Huberman and Attia both include zinc in their stacks.

• ✓Highest absorption form (picolinate chelate)
• ✓Testosterone synthesis cofactor
• ✓Immune function essential

NAC is the rate-limiting precursor to glutathione — the body's master antioxidant. Reduces oxidative stress, supports liver detoxification, and has mucolytic properties. Widely used in clinical medicine.

• ✓Glutathione precursor
• ✓Liver protection and detoxification
• ✓Mucolytic (respiratory health)

TMG is a methyl donor that counteracts the methylation depletion caused by NMN and NR supplementation. Lowers homocysteine and is increasingly recommended as a stack partner for NAD+ precursors.

• ✓Counteracts NMN-induced methylation depletion
• ✓Lowers homocysteine
• ✓Osmolyte — cell volume regulation

ALCAR shuttles fatty acids into mitochondria for beta-oxidation (energy production) and crosses the blood-brain barrier, giving it a dual metabolic and cognitive evidence base. Often stacked with alpha-lipoic acid and PQQ for a "metabolic flexibility" combination targeting fat oxidation during fasted training.

• ✓Shuttles fatty acids into mitochondria for energy production
• ✓Crosses blood-brain barrier
• ✓Commonly stacked with R-ALA and PQQ

Urolithin A triggers mitophagy — clearing damaged mitochondria so they can be replaced. Four separate human RCTs (Nature Metabolism, Cell Reports Medicine, JAMA Network Open, Nature Aging) using this exact formulation showed improved muscle strength, endurance, and immune cell function.

• ✓4 published human RCTs on this exact formulation
• ✓Improved muscle strength and endurance (biopsy-verified)
• ✓Nature Aging 2025: improved immune cell metabolism

PQQ is unique in that it stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis — the growth of new mitochondria. Most supplements support existing mitochondria; PQQ may actually increase their number.

• ✓Stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1alpha)
• ✓Neuroprotective
• ✓Improves energy and cognitive function

R-ALA is the biologically active form of alpha-lipoic acid. It regenerates other antioxidants (vitamin C, E, glutathione), improves insulin sensitivity, and is part of David Sinclair's daily stack.

• ✓Regenerates vitamin C, E, CoQ10 and glutathione
• ✓Improves insulin sensitivity
• ✓Crosses blood-brain barrier

A 2023 Science paper showed taurine deficiency drives aging across multiple species, and supplementation extended lifespan in mice by 10-12%. One of the most discussed longevity papers of the decade.

• ✓2023 Science paper: taurine deficiency drives aging
• ✓Lifespan extension in multiple animal models
• ✓Cardiovascular protection

Spermidine induces autophagy — the cellular self-cleaning process that declines with age. David Sinclair and multiple longevity researchers now include it. Human RCTs show cognitive protection and cardiovascular benefits.

• ✓Potent autophagy inducer
• ✓Cognitive protection in human RCTs
• ✓Cardiovascular data emerging

Nordic Naturals Ultimate Omega uses the triglyceride form of omega-3 — the natural form found in fish, with superior absorption vs ethyl ester form. No fishy aftertaste.

• ✓Triglyceride form = best absorption
• ✓No fishy aftertaste
• ✓Third-party tested

Ca-AKG is a TCA cycle intermediate that declined with age. A 2021 Cell Metabolism paper showed it extended healthspan in mice by 18% and reversed biological age markers. Included in Bryan Johnson's Blueprint stack.

• ✓2021 Cell Metabolism study: 18% healthspan extension in mice
• ✓TCA cycle substrate
• ✓Bryan Johnson's Blueprint includes it

Beta-alanine raises intramuscular carnosine levels, which buffers the acidosis that limits performance during 1-4 minute high-intensity efforts (Zone 4/5 cardio, repeated sprints). Effect is cumulative — carnosine loading takes 4+ weeks of consistent daily use, not a single pre-workout dose.

• ✓Buffers lactate/H+ accumulation in muscle
• ✓Well-established for high-intensity interval performance
• ✓Cumulative effect — most consistent evidence of any performance amino acid

Dietary nitrates from beetroot convert to nitric oxide, improving oxygen efficiency and extending time-to-exhaustion in endurance exercise. Evidence is well replicated in cycling and running performance studies at doses providing roughly 5-9 mmol of nitrate.

• ✓Well-replicated endurance performance evidence
• ✓Improves oxygen efficiency (reduced O2 cost at given power output)
• ✓Extends time to exhaustion in trained and untrained athletes

Sodium bicarbonate buffers extracellular pH, complementing beta-alanine's intracellular buffering. Evidence is specific to short, high-intensity anaerobic efforts (1-10 minutes) — it doesn't meaningfully help Zone 2 aerobic training. GI distress is a common practical limiter; test tolerance before competition use.

• ✓Extracellular pH buffering, complements beta-alanine
• ✓Established evidence for high-intensity anaerobic performance
• ✓Not useful for Zone 2/aerobic training specifically

Tart cherry (Montmorency variety) is rich in anthocyanins with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Studied for reducing exercise-induced muscle soreness and, separately, has a modest natural melatonin content contributing to sleep-quality benefits — a rare dual-purpose recovery and sleep compound.

• ✓Reduces exercise-induced muscle soreness in RCTs
• ✓Contains natural melatonin — dual recovery/sleep benefit
• ✓Antioxidant anthocyanin content

L-theanine promotes alpha brain wave activity associated with relaxed alertness, working through GABA and glutamate modulation. Well studied for reducing pre-sleep mental chatter without causing drowsiness on its own — commonly stacked with magnesium in evening wind-down routines.

• ✓Promotes alpha wave relaxation
• ✓No next-day grogginess
• ✓Well-tolerated, minimal side effects

Apigenin is the flavonoid responsible for chamomile's traditional calming reputation, binding to GABA-A receptors similarly to (but much more mildly than) pharmaceutical benzodiazepines. Popularized in longevity circles partly through David Sinclair's stack.

• ✓GABA-A receptor binding — mild anxiolytic
• ✓Doesn't reduce next-day alertness at typical doses
• ✓Included in several longevity researcher stacks

Glycine supplementation before bed has RCT evidence for improving subjective sleep quality and next-day cognitive performance, likely through mild core-body-temperature reduction — a physiological signal that helps trigger sleep onset. Inexpensive and well tolerated at gram-level doses.

• ✓RCT evidence for subjective sleep quality improvement
• ✓May lower core body temperature to aid sleep onset
• ✓Very low cost per effective dose

Unlike other magnesium forms, L-threonate has published evidence of meaningfully raising magnesium concentration in cerebrospinal fluid — of particular interest for REM sleep quality and cognitive function specifically, though it delivers less elemental magnesium per dose than glycinate.

• ✓Strongest published blood-brain barrier evidence of any magnesium form
• ✓May enhance REM sleep quality
• ✓Also studied for cognitive function

Timed-release melatonin avoids the next-morning grogginess of standard formulations by mimicking the body's natural overnight melatonin release curve. Strong evidence for reducing sleep-onset latency and improving circadian alignment.

• ✓Reduces sleep onset latency
• ✓Mimics natural melatonin curve
• ✓Low next-day grogginess

Blocks blue-wavelength light in the evening to prevent suppression of natural melatonin release from screens and indoor lighting. RCTs show modest improvements in sleep quality and onset when worn consistently 2+ hours before bed.

• ✓Blocks 99%+ blue light
• ✓No supplements or chemicals
• ✓Pairs well with melatonin protocols

Citicoline increases acetylcholine and phosphatidylcholine synthesis, supporting attention, working memory, and brain energy metabolism. The patented Cognizin form has the strongest clinical backing of any choline source.

• ✓Boosts acetylcholine synthesis
• ✓Multiple RCTs in attention/memory
• ✓Supports brain phospholipid membranes

Bacopa Monnieri has the largest body of RCT evidence of any nootropic herb, consistently showing improved memory acquisition and retention after 8-12 weeks of consistent use. Effects build gradually rather than acutely.

• ✓Largest RCT base of any nootropic herb
• ✓Improves memory consolidation
• ✓Antioxidant and adaptogenic effects

Population studies of municipal water supplies consistently associate higher trace lithium levels with lower rates of dementia and all-cause mortality. Microdose lithium orotate (often under 5mg elemental lithium) is far below the therapeutic dose used for bipolar disorder. Bryan Johnson added it to his Blueprint Essential Capsules in 2026. Evidence is epidemiological, not RCT-based — and lithium has a narrow safety margin even at low doses.

• ✓Epidemiological link to lower dementia rates
• ✓Sub-clinical dose, far below psychiatric range
• ✓Added to Bryan Johnson's 2026 Blueprint stack

Seed's 24-strain formulation is backed by a published clinical trial and uses a capsule-in-capsule design to survive stomach acid. Gut microbiome diversity is increasingly linked to inflammation, metabolic health, and healthy aging.

• ✓24 clinically studied strains
• ✓Published RCT on gut barrier integrity
• ✓Survives stomach acid via 2-capsule design